Expectation 1.1
Students demonstrate understanding of the successes and failures of Reconstruction and its enduring impact.

Indicator 1.1.1
Analyze the political, economic and social effects of Reconstruction on the relationships between individuals and groups. Political Science

• Continuing influence of the 13th, 14th and 15th AmendmentsEstablishment and impact of legal methods to deny civil rights to African Americans: Jim Crow Law, Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), literacy tests, grandfather clause, poll taxesImpact of the Election of 1877
• Long-term effects of the Freedman’s Bureau

Peoples of the Nation and World

• African American response to the denial of civil rights: Tuskegee Institute, Atlanta Compromise (1895)

Geography

• Regional differences and their impact

Economics

• Effects of sharecropping on farmers

Expectation 1.2
Students demonstrate understanding of the transformation of the American economy and the changing social and political conditions in the United States in response to the Industrial Revolution up to 1898.

Indicator 1.2.1
Explain the causes and characteristics and consequences of industrialization in the late 19th century United States.

Political Science

• The rise of business regulation
• Government use of Laissez Faire policies

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Contrast the concepts of the Gospel of Wealth to Social Darwinism

Geography

• The impact and role of railroads; rebate
• The growth of manufacturing centers

Economics

• Rise of big business: corporations, trusts, horizontal & vertical integration
• Manufacturing innovations and technologies and their impact; division of labor, mass production, standardized parts
• Importance of the steel making process
• Agricultural technology and innovations
• Move from farm to the factory
• Impact of protective tariffs
• Impact of the production of consumer goods on the standard of living

Indicator 1.2.2
Describe unregulated working conditions and the rise of the labor movement.

Political Science

• The evolution of labor organizations; Knights of Labor, American Federation of Labor
• The impact of strikes; Haymarket Affair (1886), Homestead Steel Strike (1892), Pullman Strike (1893)

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Working conditions and their impact on workers

Geography

• Growth of manufacturing centers
• Settlement patterns of immigrants

Economics

• Impact of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)

Indicator 1.2.3 Analyze immigration and its impact on city life.

Political Science

• The effects of immigration restriction legislation

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Development and impact of the Nativist movement
• Impact of growing cultural diversity on cities

Geography

• Origin of immigrants and their settlement patterns
• Residential concentration of immigrants and its impact

Economics

• Push-pull factors of immigration

Indicator 1.2.4
Analyze the causes and consequences of westward expansion and Manifest Destiny.

Political Science

• United States government assimilation policy toward Native Americans; Dawes Act (1887)
• United States government settlement policy; Homestead Act (1862)

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Impact of clash between Native Americans and settlers
• Impact of the last frontier

Geography

• Impact of mineral strikes
• Impact of immigrants on settlement patterns west of the Mississippi River

Economics

• Impact of the changing technology and innovations on the mining and ranching industries

Indicator 1.2.5
Explain how the Populists sought political, social, and economic reform

Political Science

• Impact of Farmer’s Alliances and the GrangeSignificance of the Omaha Platform (1892); direct election of senators, railroad regulation, immigration restriction, secret ballot, referendum, initiative
• The impact of the Election of 1896

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Role of women and minorities in the Populist Movement

Geography

• Relationship between Populist Movement and its agricultural roots

Economics

• Impact of economic cycle on banking
• Populist economic platform

Expectation 2.1
Students demonstrate understanding of the transformation of the American economy and the changing social and political conditions in the United States in response to the Industrial Revolution from 1899 to 1918.

Indicator 2.1.1
Explain the significance of Progressivism as a response to political, social, and economic conditions.

Political Science

• Impact of machine politics, voting patterns, party bosses, patronage and Civil Service Reform and the effects of political corruption
• Political reforms and common goals of populists and progressives: direct election of senators, referendum, recall, initiative

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Impact of the Muckrakers Effect of the Social Gospel Movement Effect of Social Reform movements; Settlement House Movement, Temperance MovementAfrican American responses to inequality; Niagara Movement, National Association for the Advancement of Colored Peoples (NAACP), Urban League
• Women’s response to inequality; Suffrage Movement

Geography

• Effects of Western conservationism

Economics

• Goals of the Federal Reserve

Indicator 2.1.2
Analyze the economic, social and political impact of Progressive Era Amendments, Supreme Court Cases and legislation.

Political Science

• Amendments 16, 17, 18 and their impact Impact of Supreme Court Cases; Muller v. Oregon (1908), Standard Oil of New Jersey v. United States (1910)Impact of Progressive Legislation; Meat Inspection Act (1906), Pure Food and Drug Act (1906), Mann-Elkins Act (1910), Federal Trade Commission Act (1913), Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914),
• Creation and impact of the Department of Labor

Peoples of the Nation and World

Geography

• Regions most greatly affected by the Progressive movement

Economics

• Impact of anti-trust legislation

Expectation 2.2
Students demonstrate understanding of the changing American society and the role of the United States in world affairs through World War I.

Indicator 2.2.1
Analyze the principles of American foreign policy in the era of imperialism.

Political Science

• Principles of American foreign policy; Mahan’s Sea Power, ImperialismImpact of the Spanish American War: Platt Amendment (1901), Puerto RicoImpact of the annexation of Hawaii (1898)Principles of American foreign policy in Asia; Open Door Policy, Boxer Rebellion (1900), Gentleman’s Agreement (1908)Principles of involvement and effects of Panama CanalPrinciples of the Roosevelt CorollaryPrinciples of Dollar Diplomacy
• Principles of Wilson’s Moral DiplomacyPeoples of the Nation and World

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Impact of the Great White Fleet

Geography

• Post-Spanish American War United States possessions

Economics

• Impact of the Panama Canal on the movement of goods and trade
• The effects of the expansion of the United States export market

Indicator 2.2.2
Analyze U.S. foreign policy regarding World War One.

Political Science

• Role of the United States in establishing the principles of the League of Nations
• Debate over the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Actions/events which led to US entry into World War I; unrestricted submarine warfare, Zimmerman NoteAllied strategy during World War One
• Principles of the Fourteen Points; War Guilt Clause, reparations, League of Nations

Geography

• Impact of the creation of new nations and changes in national boundaries

Economics

• Impact of WWI on US trade

Expectation 3.1
Students analyze the major political, social, economic, technological and cultural developments of the period from 1919-1945.

Indicator 3.1.1
Analyze the political, social, economic and cultural changes in American society.

Political Science

• The 19th Amendment and its impact
• Effects of prohibition and its repeal

Peoples of the Nation and World

• American response to the world wide communist movement; Palmer Raids, Sacco & Vanzetti Affair (1927)Challenges to civil liberties; Espionage & Sedition Acts, Schenck v. United States (1919)Evolution and impact of black nationalism Decline of the labor movementImpact of immigrationInfluence of the Harlem RenaissanceInfluence of religious fundamentalism
• Continuing influence of the KKK and other acts of intolerance

Geography

• Continuing impact of the Great Migration of African Americans

Economics

• Impact of automobilesRise of leisure timeRise of consumer credit systemGrowth of mass culture
• Influence of mass media

Indicator 3.1.2
Analyze the causes of the Great Depression and early responses to it.

Political Science

• Hoover’s actions and their impact
• Legislative and executive responses and their effects
• Effects of Tariffs
• Early local government response

Peoples of the Nation and World

Geography

• Regional differences in the response to the Depression

Economics

• Long-term causes of the Depression; stock speculation, overproduction, inflation, tariffs, uneven distribution of wealth
• Continuing effects of business cycles

Indicator 3.1.3
Explain the effects of the Great Depression on American Society.

Political Science

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Effects of Great Depression on social groupsEffects of the Great Depression on the family
• Effects of the Great Depression on farming and industry

Geography

• Migration of farm workers; Okies, Mexican Americans
• Changing destination of immigrants

Economics

• Effects of unemployment on populationEffects of the migration of farm workers
• Results of the contraction of the labor force

Indicator 3.1.4
Evaluate the New Deal and the expanded role of the federal government in society and the economy.

Political Science

• Growth of government programs and their impact; Social Security Administration, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Securities and Exchange Commission, Tennessee Valley Authority

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Critical response to the New Deal

Geography

• Regional development and modernization of rural areas through New Deal programs

Economics

• Shift in government economic philosophy; laissez faire to pump priming (Keynesian Economics)

Expectation 3.2
Students demonstrate understanding of the causes, course, and consequences of World War II, including the character of the war at home.

Indicator 3.2.1
Explain the reasons the United States moved from a policy of isolationism to involvement with emphasis on the events that precipitated United States involvement in World War II.

Political Science

• Rise of dictators
• United States reaction to appeasement
• United States/ European relationships; Lend-Lease
• United States reaction and response to events in the Pacific

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Effect of peace and disarmament conferences

Geography

Economics

• Impact of foreign policy changes on the economy

Indicator 3.2.2
Analyze United States strategies and major turning points of the war in both Asia and Europe.

Political Science

Peoples of the Nation and World

• United States implementation of strategies to defeat the Axis Powers; Island Hopping Campaign, Europe First, Unconditional Surrender
• Turning points and their effects; D-Day, Midway, Hiroshima, Yalta, Potsdam, United Nations

Geography

• Island Hopping Campaign and its impact

Economics

• Use of economic and statistical models to develop strategy

Indicator 3.2.3
Describe the economic, social, and political impact of World War II on America’s home front.

Political Science

• Mobilization on the home front

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Challenges to civil and economic equalityThe changing role of women
• United States response to the Holocaust

Geography

• Causes and impact of minority migration to cities
• Impact of the forced migration of minority groups

Economics

• Innovations in technology
• Implementation and impact of rationing, wage and price controls

Expectation 4.1
Students demonstrate understanding of how the Cold War and related conflicts influenced domestic politics and foreign policy from 1946 to 1963.

Indicator 4.1.1
Trace the origins and expansion of the Cold War.

Political Science

• United States reaction to Soviet policies; Truman Doctrine (1947), Berlin Airlift (1948), Eisenhower Doctrine (1957)

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Application of containment policy in KoreaEmergence of the United Nations in world affairs; Suez Crisis (1956)
• Expansion of Cold War into Western Hemisphere; Bay of Pigs (1961), Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)

Geography

• Creation and impact of regional alliances; North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), South East Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)
• Impact of spheres of influence and satellite states

Economics

• Implementation and effect of Marshall Plan
• Economic containment and its impac

Indicator 4.1.2
Analyze the social, political, and economic impact of the Cold War on American society.

Political Science

• Conflict between liberty and government authority; Red Scare
• Impact of mass media on politics; Kennedy/ Nixon Debates

Peoples of the Nation and World

• United States reaction to SputnikImpact of medical breakthroughs; Polio vaccineChanging role of womenChanging family life
• Changing popular culture

Geography

• Creation and impact of interstate highway systemDevelopment of the St. Lawrence Seaway
• Evolution of suburbia

Economics

• Impact of Cold War on the economy
• Effect of the Military Industrial Complex and the Space Race

Expectation 4.2
Students demonstrate understanding of domestic policies and politics from 1946 to 1963.

Indicator 4.2.1
Analyze the origins, major developments, controversies and consequences of the post-war African American Civil Rights Movement.

Political Science

• Integration of the Armed Forces by Executive Order (1948)
• Federal intervention and its long-term impact on education; Brown v. Board of Education (1954), Little Rock (1957), Integration of the University of Mississippi (1962)

People of the Nations and World

• Importance of African American March on Washington (1963)

Geography

• Demographics of southern towns and rural areas

Economics

• Impact of segregation
• Use of economic protest; Montgomery Bus Boycott (1956), sit-ins

Expectation 5.1
Students demonstrate understanding of how the Cold War and related conflicts influenced domestic politics and foreign policy from 1964 to 1980.

Indicator 5.1.1
Analyze United States foreign policy initiatives from 1964 to 1980.

Political Science

• Expansion of presidential power; War Powers Resolution (1973)

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Policies toward South East Asia; Tonkin Gulf Resolution (1964), Nixon Doctrine, Paris Peace Accords (1973)Changing US relationship with USSR; Afghanistan, Détente, realpolitik, SALT I(1978)Middle East Policy; Camp David Accords (1979), Iran Hostage Crisis (1980), Energy CrisisLatin American Policy; Panama Canal Treaty (1977), Organization of American States (OAS), Alliance for Progress, Cuba, Central AmericaAsian Policy; Nixon’s recognition of China
• Creation and effects of the Peace Corps

Geography

• Development and impact of strategic geographic alliances

Economics

• Impact of oil/trade embargoes

Indicator 5.1.2
Evaluate the domestic response to United States containment policies in South East Asia.

Political Science

• Polarizing political opinions of military intervention; Hawks vs. DovesImpact of the Chicago Democratic Convention (1968)
• Reaction to the draft

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Impact of the Anti-War Movement; Kent State (1970), CountercultureTurning points and their impact on public opinion; Tet Offensive (1968), My Lai, Fall of Saigon (1975), Invasion of Cambodia and LaosReaction to and treatment of returning veterans
• Media impact on domestic opinion; “Living Room War”

Geography

• Impact of the resettlement of SE Asian refugees

Economic

• Impact of increased government spending for operations in South East Asia

Expectation 5.2
Students demonstrate understanding of the political, economic, social, and cultural developments from 1964 to 1980.

Indicator 5.2.1
Describe the impact of federal government politics and policy on American society from 1964 to1980.

Political Science

• Impact of the New Frontier and Great Society programs; Medicare Act (1965), Economic Opportunity Act (1964), Immigration Act of 1965, Elementary and Secondary Education ActImpact of Warren Court Decisions; Baker v. Carr (1963), Mapp v. Ohio, Miranda v. Arizona (1966), Gideon v. Wainwright, Engel v. VitaleImpact of the Watergate crisis; Pentagon Papers, United States v. Nixon, Freedom of Information Act, 25th AmendmentLegislative attempts to address pollution; Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, Endangered Species Act
• Impact of regulatory agencies; Environmental Protection Agency, Nuclear Regulatory Agency, Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Impact of the Space RaceEffect of the Baby Boom Generation
• Impact of the environmental movement

Geography

• Impact of environmental disasters; Love Canal, Three Mile Island

Economics

• Effects of increased government spending for social programs
• Economic impact of pollution controls

Indicator 5.2.2
Analyze the major developments, controversies and consequences of the African American Civil Rights Movement from 1964 to1980.

Political Science

• Major Civil Rights legislation and their impact; Civil Rights Acts of 1964 & 1968, Voting Rights Act of 1965Extension of Civil Rights through Affirmative Action programs
• Challenges to Affirmative Action; California v. Bakke

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Advocacy of African American Civil Rights leaders and groupsBlack student advocacy; Black Power, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Black Panthers, Nation of Islam
• Critical responses to the Civil Rights Movement; Dixiecrats, white supremacist movements

Geography

• Demographics of suburban communities

Economics

• Continued use of boycotts
• Increasing number of black entrepreneurs

Indicator 5.2.3
Analyze the origins, major developments, controversies, and consequences of the women’s movement.

Political Science

• Controversies and concerns about the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
• Legislation and its impact; Title VII (1974), Title IX (1972)

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Effect of women’s organizations; National Organization for Women (NOW)
• Controversies and concerns of women’s movement: Critical responses, changing focus, political participation

Geography

Economics

• Changing demographics of work force
• Different pay standards for men and women; Equal Pay for Equal Work, Glass Ceiling

Indicator 5.2.4
Analyze how the advances in the African American Civil Rights Movement influenced the agendas and strategies of other groups in American society.

Political Science

• Impact of legislation on Native Americans
• 26th Amendment and its impact

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Native American quest for civil rights; American Indian Movement (AIM)Hispanic American quest for civil rights; United Farm Workers (UFW)
• Student quest for civil rights: The New Left, Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), Free Speech Movement

Geography

• Impact of increased immigration to major urban centers

Economics

• Methods of economic protest

Expectation 6.1
Students demonstrate understanding of how the Cold War and related conflicts influenced domestic politics and foreign policy from 1981 to the present.

Indicator 6.1.1
Analyze major United States foreign policy initiatives from 1981 to the present.

Political Science

• Development of defense systems; Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
• Changing response to terrorism; Homeland Security

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Policies toward USSR/RussiaPolicies toward the Middle East; Lebanon, Libya, Iraq, Gulf War, IsraelPolicies toward Latin America and the Caribbean; Nicaragua, HaitiThe US role in the United Nations; Bosnia-Herzegovina
• United States response to world wide human rights violations; Apartheid, Tianemmen Square, Women’s Issues

Geography

• Impact of the creation of independent states in the former Soviet Union on global stability

Economics

• Effect of normalization of trade with ChinaEffect of economic embargoes and sanctions; Iraq, South Africa
• Impact of trade agreements; North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

Expectation 6.2
Students demonstrate understanding of the political, economic, social, and cultural developments from 1981 to the present.

Indicator 6.2.1
Describe the impact of domestic events, politics, and policy on American society from 1981 to the present.

Political Science

• Impact of the “New Conservatism”; deregulationIran-Contra Scandal and its impactClinton Impeachment and its impact
• Impact of the Election of 2000; Bush v. Gore

Peoples of the Nation and World

• Impact of health crises; AIDS, drugsRise of the Moral Majority
• Impact of the “Graying of America”

Geography

• Impact of Urban SprawlImpact of changing demographics
• Effects of changing immigration patterns

Economics

• Reagonomics and its impactImpact of the computer revolutionTransformation from industrial to service economy
• Impact of participation in the global economy