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Web Resources Supporting the Maryland Voluntary State Curriculum
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Social Studies - Grade 8
History | Geography | Economics | Political | Peoples of the Nations |
HISTORY
Standard 1.0 |
| Students will examine significant ideas, beliefs, and themes; organize patterns and events; and analyze how individuals and societies have changed over time in Maryland and the United States. Students will use historical thinking skills to understand how individuals and events have changed society over time. |
Topic
A. History |
Indicator
1. Analyze how religious, social, and political institutions changed
Objectives
a. Describe the religious, ethnic and cultural perspectives of the New England, Middle and Southern colonies
b. Evaluate the political and social issues and events that led to the American Revolution, such as the effects of British Colonial policy
c. Analyze the political effects of the American Revolution on American society and culture
Indicator
2. Analyze reasons for exploration and the acquisition of territories
Objectives
a. Explain the political and economic impact of the Louisiana Purchase on the United States
b. Analyze Manifest Destiny and its impact on territorial expansion of the nation
Indicator
3. Explain the emerging foreign policy of the United States in world affairs
Objectives
a. Explain why the United States adopted a policy of neutrality prior to the War of 1812
b. Explain how the continuing conflict between Great Britain and France influenced the domestic and foreign policy of the United States
c. Describe the origins and provisions of the Monroe Doctrine and explain how it influenced foreign affairs
Indicator
4. Evaluate westward movement in the United States
Objectives
a. Describe the political, economic, and social factors that motivated people to move west
b. Describe the government strategies used to acquire territory
c. Analyze the impact of westward movement on relations with Native Americans, such as treaty relations, land acquisition, and the policy of Indian Removal
Indicators
5. Evaluate the influence of industrialization and technological developments on United States society
Objectives
a. Describe changes in land and water transportation, including the expanding network of roads, canals, and railroads, and their impact on the economy and settlement patterns
b. Explain how the cotton gin and the opening of new lands in the South and West impacted the institution of slavery
c. Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of early industrialization on the economy and society
Indicator
6. Analyze patterns of immigration to the United States
Objectives
a. Identify the push and pull factors responsible for immigration to the United States, such as the forced migration of Africans, Western European immigration
b. Analyze the causes and describe the characteristics of rapid settlement of California and Oregon in the late 1840s and 1850s
Indicator
7. Describe the importance of Jackson ian Democracy and how it represented a change in the social, political, and economic life of the United States
Objectives
a. Explain how the philosophies and policies of the Jacksonian Era represented a move towards greater democratization
b. Explain how tariff policy and issues of states' rights influenced political party development and prompted sectional differences
Indicator
8. Analyze the institution of slavery and its influence on United States and Maryland societies
Objectives
a. Describe pro-slavery and anti-slavery positions and explain how debates over slavery influenced politics and sectionalism
b. Analyze the experiences of African American slaves, free blacks, and the influence of abolitionists
Indicator
9. Analyze how tensions escalated between the North and the South before Civil War
Objectives
a. Analyze how the governmental policies led to the escalation of tensions between the North and the South, such as the Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Dred Scott decision
b. Explain how the 1860 election led to the secession of the southern states
Indicator
10. Identify key events and turning points of the Civil War using historical inquiry
Objectives
a. Identify the goals, resources, and strategies of the North and the South
b. Identify the geographic, technological, and military factors that contributed to the outcome of the Civil War
c. Describe the views and lives of leaders and soldiers on both sides of the war
Indicator
11. Analyze political, economic and social goals of Reconstruction from 1865 to 1877
Objectives
a. Explain the goals and policies of the various Reconstruction plans
b. Explain how the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments addressed the issue of civil rights through abolition, the granting of citizenship and the right to vote
c. Describe the origin of the Ku Klux Klan and its impact on post- Civil War society
d. Evaluate the effects of the Freedman’s Bureau
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U.S. History and Government Resource Links (BCPS Office of Social Studies) - Links for each of the units in the grade 8 American History course.
Digital History - Includes the Hypertext History Online American History Textbook, an interactive, multimedia history of the United States from the Revolution to the present. Also sections for Primary Sources, Ethnic Voices, Resources For Teachers, Active Learning, Interactive Timelines, Visual History, Virtual Exhibitions, Special Topics, and a History Reference Room.
From Revolution to Reconstruction . . . and what happened afterwards - Hypertext on American History from the colonial period until modern times. Includes An Outline of American History, An Outline of the American Economy, and An Outline of American Government, enriched with hypertext-links to relevant documents, original essays, other Internet sites, and to other Outlines. Also includes primary source documents, biographies, and presidents.
America's Story from America's Library (Library of Congress) - Extensive Web site devoted to telling the stories of America's past. Here you can read about famous figures in American history, explore colonial America, learn about the states, join in American pastimes, and much more. This highly interactive site also features quizzes, games, and music.
American Memory Timeline (Library of Congress/The Learning Page) - Links lead to sets of selected primary sources dealing with important and interesting topics in United States History, arranged by chronological period: the New Nation, National Expansion and Reform, Civil War and Reconstruction, Rise of Industrial America, Progressive Era to New Era, the Great Depression, World War II and Postwar United States.
U.S. History Timeline (World Almanac for Kids)
America's Homepage: Historic Documents of the United States - primary source documents from Toward a Revolution to A Country at War with Itself.
A Biography of America (Annenberg/CPB) - Key events, maps, video transcripts, and webographies for English Settlement, Growth and Empire, and The Coming of Independence.
Thematic Review of U.S. History and Government - Brief overviews used for New York Regents Exam preparation, covering topics such as economics, foreign policy, immigration, reform, etc.
Memories and Stories - Interactive Timeline includes major eras in American history: First People Era, Era of Change, Settlement Era, Era of Boom or Bust, Modern Era. Also includes "How to" tutorials (e.g. How to Interpret Photographs), Historian's Craft, Educator's Guide, and more.
Outline of American History (U.S. Department of State) - From Early America and the Colonial Period to Toward the 21st Century.
Picturing Modern American History: Historical Thinking Exercises for Middle and High School Students: Students act as image inspectors and investigators with primary source images on Immigration, The City, Women & Suffrage, Industrialization, The West, Children's Lives, Leisure & Amusement, Progressive Reform.
Picture History - Online archive of social, cultural, and historical images and film footage illuminating more than 200 years of American history, intended for the personal use of students, educators, scholars, and the general public. Categories include Historic Eras & Events; Politics & Government; Science, Health, Medicine; Social Conditions, Culture, Cultural Trends and more.
Old Ways, New Lives: Colonial Society (BCPS) - Online Research Model in which students use a variety of resources to answer the essential question, "How did various social groups contribute to colonial society?"
British Policies after the French and Indian War (BCPS) - Online Slam-dunk Lesson in which students use targeted online resources to answer the essential question, "How did colonial Americans react to British policies following the French and Indian War?"
John Bull and Uncle Sam: Four Centuries of British-American Relations (Library of Congress) - Exploration and Settlement, The American Revolution, From Enemy to Ally, etc.
Indian Removal and the Politics of Westward Expansion (BCPS) - Online Research Model in which students use a variety of resources. to answer the essential question, "How does the treatment of a minority group impact an entire nation?"
Lewis and Clark: Mapping the West (Smithsonian) - Explores the journey of Lewis and Clark, with special attention to their map-making process.
New Perspectives on the West (PBS) - Guided tour through the history of the American West, following in the footsteps of filmmakers Ken Burns and Stephen Ives. Browse over fifty biographies of Old West figures in "People," or click on "Events" for a timeline of the West from the 16th century to 1917.
The Dakota Experience: Creating Communities: The Frontier (1860-1880) (South Dakota State Historical Society) - "Civic and social life on the Dakota frontier developed out of competing goals and visions. Explore this history through online interactives, historical artifacts, photographs, and documents, and interpretive text. Journey to the gold rush town of Deadwood to discover the 'real' story of the Old West."
Encountering the First American West (Library of Congress) - "The promise of the first American West drew soldiers, adventurers, speculators, and common folk into the rich lands of the Ohio River Valley and the Bluegrass region of Kentucky. Its potential also provoked international rivalries, struggles for political power, appropriation of Native American lands, and the expansion of slavery beyond the eastern seaboard." Learn about the American settlement of the Ohio River valley and Kentucky.
Turnpike to Golden Spike: 19th Century Transportation (BCPS) - Online Research Model in which students use a variety of resources to answer the essential question, "How did the development of systems of transportation during the 19th century impact westward expansion?"
America On the Move (Smithsonian) - Transportation transformed America. Choose from three interconnected
routes (Exhibition, Collection, Themes) to explore how transportation shaped our lives, landscapes, culture, and communities.
Transcontinental Railroad (PBS/American Experience) - Learn how "ingenious entrepreneurs, brilliant engineers, armies of workers, and Native Americans figure in the remarkable story of how a railroad was built connecting California to the East." Site features an interactive map, timeline, photo gallery, and profiles of people and events.
A Treasure in the Attic: Pre-Civil War Immigration (BCPS) - Online Research Model in which students use a variety of resources to answer the essential question, "How did European and Asian immigration between 1800 and 1860 contribute to regional diversity in the United States?"
The American Immigration Homepage - Site created by students to examine waves of immigration in their historical time frame, including period photos.
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Slavery and the Making of America (PBS) - Interactive timeline, narrative audio clips, photographs, character spotlights, historical overviews, and more.
Slavery in America - Companion site for PBS's Slavery and the Making of America, including teacher resources, biographies, historical overviews, image galleries, and an "Interactive Slave Environment."
United States National Slavery Museum - "To vitalize and interpret more completely the human drama and toll of slavery in America, the museum will educate some, re-educate others, by presenting slavery in a larger and more balanced economic and political context."
Civil War at a Glance (GSA/Federal Citizen Information Center) - Summarized history and timeline of the Civil War, along with eleven color maps.
Civil War @ Smithsonian - produced by the National Portrait Gallery to examine the Civil War through the Smithsonian Institution's extensive and manifold collections. The institution has been actively collecting, preserving, and remembering America's most profound national experience since the time of the war itself. View the collections or the timeline.
A Sampler of Civil War Literature (Harper's Weekly) - Online access to 15 Civil War stories from the pages of Harper's Weekly: Experience military and civilian life during the Civil War as the 500,000 readers of Harper's Weekly did…and related news articles, illustrations, cartoons, and commentary —selected specifically for this site.
Camp Life: Civil War Collection from Gettysburg National Military Park - Annotated collection of camp artifacts which illustrate the life of a soldier in the Civil War.
The Civil War at a Glance (National Atlas of the United States of America) - Article and maps covering the Eastern Theater and Western Theater for each year between 1861-1865, as well as "Where the Armies Fought"and "Civil War Battlefields."
How Successful Was Reconstruction? (BCPS) Online Research Model in which students use a variety of resources to answer the essential question, "How successful were American Reconstruction policies in helping former slaves to become politically, socially, and economically part of a free society?"
The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow (PBS) - Companion Web site to the documentary series, including A Century of Segregation, Jim Crow Stories, A National Struggle, Interactive Maps, Tools and Activities, and a For Teachers section.
Timeline to Equality (BCPS) - Online Research Model in which students use a variety of resources to answer the essential question, "How have the American people responded to multicultural and multiracial issues based on the Declaration of Independence?" |
GEOGRAPHY
Standard 2.0 |
| Students will use geographic concepts and processes to examine the role of culture, technology, and the environment in the location and distribution of human activities and spatial connections throughout time. Students will use geographic concepts and processes to understand location and its relationship to human activities. |
Topic
A. Geography |
Indicator
1. Analyze geographic issues and problems using geographic tools
Objectives
a. Locate places and describe the human and physical characteristics using thematic maps, such as settlement patterns, migration, population density, transportation and communication networks
b. Explain interrelationships among physical and human characteristics that shape the nation
Indicator
2. Explain how geographic characteristics influenced the location and development of regions
Objectives
a. Describe how geographic characteristics influenced the location and development of economic activities such as farming, lumbering, fur trading, and whaling in the early national period
b. Describe how changes in transportation systems, such as roads, canals, and railroads, affected the expansion of trade and settlement
c. Analyze how geographic characteristics, such as waterways, mineral resources, and agriculture contributed to the rise of industry
Indicator
3. Analyze the geographic characteristics that have influenced migration and settlement patterns
Objectives
a. Explain why Americans migrated west, such as fertile soil, abundant resources, and economic opportunity, and the impact on that region
b. Describe the effect of the influx of immigrants on the United States
Indicator
4. Analyze how and why people modify their natural environment and the impact of those modifications
Objectives
a. Analyze factors of economic opportunity and the various ways humans modify their environments
b. Explain the consequences of modifying the natural environment, such as canals, waterways, clearing land, and mining
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Historical Maps of the United States
Zoom into Maps (Library of Congress) - Introduces historical maps from the American Memory collections. A graphic organizer for analysis and note taking, and a set of guiding questions for each type of map have been provided. Sections include: Hometown, USA: Local Geography ; Exploration and Discovery ; Migration and Settlement ; Travel and Transportation ; Environmental History ; Military Maps ; Pictorial Maps ; Unusual Maps.
American Memory Map Collections, 1500-2004 (Library of Congress) - Searchable collection organized in seven categories: Cities and Towns, Cultural Landscapes, Conservation and Environment, Discovery and Exploration, Military Battles and Campaigns, Transportation and Communication, General Maps.
Perry-Casteneda Library Collection: Historical Maps of the United States (University of Texas) - Collection categorized by Early Inhabitants, Exploration and Settlement, Territorial Growth, Military History, Later Historical Maps, and an extensive list of links to other historical maps Web sites.
Growth of a Nation - interactive animated atlas and timeline (Flash movie), illustrating the geographic history of the United States from the beginning of the nation to fifty states.
Boundaries of the Contiguous United States - animated map depicting the growth of the nation.
Expansion and Growth of the United States (National Atlas of the United States of America) - Article and maps covering the "History of Territorial Expansion,"
"The Most Important Map in American History," "Boundary Problems," and "Chronological List of United States Expansion."
Condensed History of American Agriculture, 1776-1999 - A timeline from the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
History of Railroads and Maps, Part 1 (National Atlas of the United States of America) - Article and maps covering "The Beginnings of American Railroads" and "Mapping The Transcontinental Railroad."
The Rise of Industrial America, 1876-1900 (Library of Congress) - Topics include: The American West, Immigration to the United States, City Life, Rural Life, Railroads, and Work in the late 19th Century U.S.
U.S. History: Environment - Brief overview of environmental history from colonial period to modern day.
California As I Saw It: First Person Narratives of California's Early Years, 1849-1900 (Library of Congress) - Documents the formative era of California's history through eyewitness accounts, covering the dramatic decades between the Gold Rush and the turn of the twentieth century. It captures the pioneer experience; encounters between Anglo-Americans and the diverse peoples who had preceded them; the transformation of the land by mining, ranching, agriculture, and urban development; the often-turbulent growth of communities and cities; and California's emergence as both a state and a place of uniquely American dreams.
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ECONOMICS
Standard 3.0 |
| Students will develop economic reasoning to understand the historical development and current status of economic principles, institutions, and processes needed to be effective citizens, consumers, and workers participating in local communities, the nation, and the world. Students will identify the economic principles and processes that are helpful to producers and consumers when making good decisions. |
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Indicator
1.Analyze how scarcity affected the choices in the production of goods and services between 1850 and 1865
Objectives
a. Describe the relationship between available resources, production, and consumption in different regions of the United States
b. Analyze the growth and economic costs of the institution of slavery
c. Analyze the effects of technological change, such as factories, machinery, transportation, communication, and new technology, and resource use on economic growth
Indicator
2. Analyze how the development of the United States' economic system included the provision for public goods and services
Objective
a. Analyze the regional specialization and its relations to the English mercantile system
b. Describe the difficulties related to currency, debt, and trade, caused by the Articles of Confederation
c. Explain how the underlying principles of the Constitution provided for the regulation of trade, imposition of taxes, and creation of a monetary system
Indicator
4. Analyze the economic decisions of the North and the South before the Civil War
Objectives
a. Describe how differences between the economic systems of the agrarian South and industrial North heightened tensions
b. Analyze the economic costs, benefits and consequences of engaging in the Civil War
Indicator
5. Analyze how the technology of the industrial North influenced the outcome of the Civil War
Objectives
a. Describe how available resources, scarcity, and the forces of supply and demand influenced the development of economic activity
Indicator
6. Describe the factors responsible for specialization and economic growth during the Reconstruction era
Objectives
a. Explain how regional economic activity changed after the Civil War
b. Describe the economic opportunities and obstacles faced by different individuals and groups of people during this era
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U.S. History: Economics (Regents Prep) - Detailed overviews including:
- An Introduction to economic concepts
- Early America
- Colonization
- Early Republic
- Hamilton's Economic Programs
- The American System
- The Second National Bank
- Factors of Production
- Industrial Revolution
American Economic History (Lectures by University of West Georgia economics professor Carole E. Scott) - Chapters organized by period:
- The Colonial Period
- Mercantilism and the American Revolution
- The Antebellum Period
- From The Civil War To World War One
Economic Forces in American History (Foundation for Teaching Economics) - Lessons for exploring the impact of economics on various periods and issues in U.S. history and analyzing how market forces, demographics, and government have shaped America. Lessons include:
1. The Market for Moving People to America, 1610-1775
2. The Constitution - An Economic Document
3. The Economics of Slavery
4. Big Business and Regulation
5. Labor/Land Contracts and Southern Agriculture
6. Banking and Bank Regulation
7. Immigrants and the American Work Force
Constitution and the Economy Economics Lesson (National Council on Economic Education) - Students see how the U.S. Constitution supports the characteristics of a market economy by reading relevant portions of the Constitution to answer the essential question, "How Has the Constitution Shaped the Economic System in the United States?" Lesson includes student handouts.
Africans in America (PBS) - Companion Web site to the PBS television series chronicles the history of racial slavery in the United States -- from the start of the Atlantic slave trade in the 16th century to the end of the American Civil War in 1865 -- and examines the economic and intellectual foundations of slavery in America and the global economy that prospered from it.
Civil War Andersonville Prison Economics Lesson (National Council on Economic Education) - Students examine how a group of civil war prisoners developed an economic system designed to allocate scarce resources within their camp. Lesson includes student handouts.
Beyond Face Value: Depictions of Slavery in Confederate Currency (Louisiana State University Library) Exhibit explores the relationships among art, politics, and the economy in the Civil War era. Provides images of Confederate notes browse-able by state.
Between a Rock and a Hard Place: A History of American Sweatshops, 1820-Present - Smithsonian exhibition on this enduring issue in American economic/labor history.
Child Labor in America 1908-1912 -(The History Place) - Classic photos of young workers with photographer Lewis W. Hines' original commentary.
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POLITICAL
Standard 4.0 |
| Students will understand the historical development and current status of the fundamental concepts and processes of authority, power, and influence, with particular emphasis on the democratic skills and attitudes necessary to become responsible citizens. Students will understand the historical development and current status of the democratic principles and the development of skills and attitudes necessary to become responsible citizens. |
Topic
A. Political Science |
Indicator
1. Describe the evolution of the U.S. political system as expressed in the United States Constitution, and the Bill of Rights
Objectives
a. Compare the confederate form of government under the Articles of Confederation with the federal form under the Constitution
b. Describe how the three branches of government interact to protect people's sovereignty
c. Explain how the supremacy of the national government was defined by events and early decisions of the Supreme Court, such as the Whiskey Rebellion, Marbury v. Madison, and McCulloch v. Maryland
d. Explain the impact of precedence in the Office of the President such as the establishment of a cabinet and foreign policy
Indicator
2. Analyze the impact of historic documents and practices that became the foundation of the American political system during the early national period
Objectives
a. Describe the significance of principles of the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation
b. Describe the major debates that occurred during the Constitutional Convention and their effects on the ratification process
c. Describe the development of political parties and their effects on elections and political life
Indicator
3. Analyze the influence of individuals and groups on shaping public policy
Objectives
a. Analyze the influence of the media on political life, such as bias in reporting
b. Explain how public opinion affected elected officials and government policies prior to the Civil War, such as Presidential actions and abolitionist newspapers
Indicator
4. Analyze the significance of governmental actions on civil rights
Objectives
a. Describe how the Emancipation Proclamation affected the passage of the 13th Amendment
b. Evaluate the use of Presidential power in Lincoln's suspension of the writ of habeas corpus
c. Describe legal methods that were used to deny civil rights to African Americans and Native Americans
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Constitution Resources (Federal Resources for Excellence in Education) - Comprehensive list of links to educational Web sites, lessons, and activities on the U.S. Constitution.
America's Homepage: Historic Documents of the United States - primary source documents from Toward a Revolution to A Country at War with Itself.
Our Documents: 100 Milestone Documents (National Archives) - Annotated list and images of the most important documents in U.S. history, 1776-1965.
Congress for Kids (Dirksen Congressional Center) - An interactive tour of the Federal government.
Policies and Problems of the Confederation Government (Library of Congress) - Although eventually replaced by the U.S. Constitution, the Articles of Confederation were the law of the land for seven years. Read historical documents that highlight both the successes and failures of the Confederation.
Ben's Guide to U.S. Government for Kids, Grade 6-8 (U.S. Government Printing Office) - Sections on Our Nation, Historical Documents, Branches of Government, How Laws Are Made, National versus State Government, Election Process, Citizenship, Games and Activities
Glossary, and U.S. Government Web Sites for Kids.
Digital History: The U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights - Guided readings on What Americans Don't Know About the Constitution, The Oldest Written National Framework of Government, Was the Constitutional Convention legal? , The Delegates , The Delegates , Philadelphia in 1787, The Convention , Republicanism, Drafting the Constitution , and Compromises.
Resources for Students (U.S. Constitution Center) - Text of the Constitution in English and other languages, Interactive Constitution, Constitutional Timeline, Founding Documents, and Principles of Government, as well as Games, Quests, and Puzzles.
Resources for Educators (U.S. Constitution Center) - Curriculum Resources and Teaching with Current Events.
Newspapers in Politics (Beyond the Book) - Brief overview of the influence of newspapers on politics in American History.
The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow (PBS) - Companion Web site to the documentary series, including A Century of Segregation, Jim Crow Stories, A National Struggle, Interactive Maps, Tools and Activities, and a For Teachers section.
The Emancipation Proclamation (National Archives and Records Administration) - Images of the actual document as well as an explanation of the proclamation and the text of the Emancipation Proclamation.
Timeline to Equality (BCPS) - Online Research Model in which students use a variety of resources to answer the essential question, "How have the American people responded to multicultural and multiracial issues based on the Declaration of Independence?"
Government Policy Toward Native Americans (Library of Congress) - How the new nation dealt with Native Americans between 1718-1815, with primary sources.
New Perspectives on the West: The Nez Perce and the Dawes Act (PBS Lesson Plan) - asks students to view westward expansion from the perspective of the Nez Perce and their leader Hin-mah-too-yah-lat-kekt (Chief Joseph). Students follow the epic struggle of the Nez Perce against the United States government.
Indian Removal and the Politics of Westward Expansion (BCPS) - Online Research Model in which students use a variety of resources. to answer the essential question, "How does the treatment of a minority group impact an entire nation?"
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PEOPLES OF THE NATIONS AND THE WORLD
Standard 5.0 |
| Students will understand the diversity and commonality, human interdependence, and global cooperation of the people of Maryland, the United States and the World through a multicultural and historic perspective. Students will understand how people in Maryland, the United States and around the world are alike and different. |
Topic
A. Peoples of the Nations and the World
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Indicator
1. Analyze how America developed into a diverse society from 1763-1790
Objectives
a. Describe the influence of religions in the colonies, such as religious tolerance and intolerance
b. Describe how the colonies developed into a diverse society reflecting various cultures and religions
c. Explain the interaction of cultures between the European settlers and the Native Americans
Indicator
2. Analyze how America continued to evolve into a society consisting of diverse cultures, customs, and traditions between 1790 and 1830
Objectives
a. Describe the effects of cultural exchange and interactions among Europeans, Africans and Native Americans on the development of the United States
b. Describe how the War of 1812 created a spirit of nationalism among the people of the United States
Indicator
3. Describe the increasing diversity of American culture resulting from immigration, settlement, and economic development from 1830-1850
Objectives
a. Explain how the interaction of different ethnic, religious, and gender groups resulted in cooperation and conflict in the settlement of the West
Indicator
4. Explain situations that demonstrate conflicts between conscience and respect for authority
Objectives
a. Explain differing points of view about slavery and states' rights
b. Describe various reform movements, such as the abolitionist, women's rights, and the education reform movement
c. Describe the effects of early industrialization on individuals and families
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Plimoth Plantation (Smithsonian) - Historical background and interactive online activity.
Internet Resources for Learning about Religion in Colonial America (Teaching American History Institutes)
Religion and the Early Republic (Digital History) - Guided readings on the transformation of American religion in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
The Middle Colonies, Birthplace of American Religious Pluralism - Article describes in detail how the Middle Colonies of British North America—comprised of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware—became a stage for the western world’s most complex experience with religious pluralism.
Liberty! Chronicle of the Revolution: Diversity (PBS) - Religious, cultural, and economic diversity in the 13 colonies.
American Cultural History: 19th Century (Kingwood College Library) - Annotated timeline covering topics such as Business and the Economy, Migration & Immigration, Education, News and Events, Pastimes, Science and Technology, and Social Movements.
War of 1812 (Thinkquest) - "One of the most ignored wars, the War of 1812 is virtually unknown to North Americans, not to mention the rest of the world. This war, however, was one of the most important periods for the growing nations of the continent." Read the introduction to get an overview, then explore history from the main menu to learn more about the causes, people, battles and aftermath of this war. A timeline, atlas and quiz are included on this interactive site.
The War of 1812 - Introduction, People and Stories, Events and Locations, Background and Ideas, Exploration and Quiz, Image Gallery.
The African-American Mosaic: Conflict of Abolition and Slavery (Library of Congress) - Primary resources present the conflict between the opposing forces of abolition and slavery.
Abolition, Anti-Slavery Movements, and the Rise of the Sectional Controversy (Library of Congress) - Annotated primary resources from the LOC's African American Odyssey Exhibit.
Pre-Civil War Reform (Digital History): Guided readings on moral, social, and educational reform, anti-slavery, women's rights, and utopian socialism.
The Progressive Movement - Overview of reform movements of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
Votes for Women: Selections from the National American Woman Suffrage Association Collection, 1848-1921 (Library of Congress) - Collection Connections page for teachers offers ideas for engaging students in examination of primary resources from historical, critical thinking, and creative perspectives; activities for studying not only women's rights, but also the abolitionist, labor and other re from movements.
American Women! A Celebration of Our History (Hoover Presidential Library-Museum) - Exhibit organized by time period: From Colony to Country, 1600-1800; From Growth to Civil War, 1800-1870; From Prairie to Polls, 1870-1920, etc.
Timeline to Equality (BCPS) - Online Research Model in which students use a variety of resources to answer the essential question, "How have the American people responded to multicultural and multiracial issues based on the Declaration of Independence?"
Freedom: The History of US (PBS) - "Webisodes," historical primers, teaching index, and other tools and activities for exploring the quest for freedom by groups (e.g., Native Americans, women, slaves, workers) and individuals in America.
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